TOPCON VS HJT VS PERC SOLAR CELLS

When comparing TOPCon, HJT (Heterojunction), and PERC (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell) solar cell technologies, each has its unique advantages and characteristics:

1. TOPCon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact)

• Efficiency: High efficiency potential (up to 24% or more).
• Structure: Utilizes a thin layer of silicon oxide to create a passivated contact, improving carrier collection.
• Performance: Better performance in low-light conditions and higher temperatures compared to traditional cells.
• Manufacturing: More complex than PERC, but offers significant efficiency gains.

2. HJT (Heterojunction)

• Efficiency: Also reaches high efficiencies (around 24% or more).
• Structure: Combines crystalline silicon with thin layers of amorphous silicon, providing excellent passivation.
• Performance: Very good temperature coefficients, leading to better performance in hot climates and partial shading.
• Manufacturing: Generally has lower material consumption and can be less environmentally intensive.

3. PERC (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell)

• Efficiency: Good efficiency (around 20-22%), but lower than TOPCon and HJT.
• Structure: Features a passivated rear surface, which enhances light absorption and reduces recombination losses.
• Performance: Improved performance in low-light conditions compared to standard solar cells, but not as high as TOPCon or HJT.
• Manufacturing: More established and widely used, making it less expensive to produce compared to the other two.

Summary

• Efficiency: HJT and TOPCon lead in efficiency.
• Temperature Performance: HJT excels in higher temperatures.
• Cost: PERC is typically cheaper and more widely adopted.
• Complexity: TOPCon and HJT are more complex to manufacture but offer better efficiencies and performance.

The choice among these technologies often depends on specific project requirements, budget, and intended application.